22 October, 2016

Questions (1)

UNIT 47 Questions (1)



A.   We usually make questions by changing the word order: we put the auxiliary verb (AV) before the subject (S): S  + AV              AV + S
                   It      is     ---        is     it?           Is it raining?

                 You    can  ---      can   you?          When can you come and see us?
               
                 Tom   has  ---      Has   Tom?         Where has Tom gone?

We make questions with the verb be in the same way:

                 they   were  ---     were they?           Were they surprised?

B.   In simple present questions use do/does:


  • Do you like music? (not like you)      
  • Do you have a light?
  • Where does Jack live? (not where lives Jack)


In simple past questions use did:

  • When did they get married? (not when got they)
  • Why did Ann sell her car? (not why sold Ann
  • Did you have a good time?


But be careful with who/what/which questions. If who/what/which is the subject of the sentence, do not use do/does/did. Compare:

who is the object                                        who is the subject

Ann telephoned someone                            Someone telephoned Ann

Who did Ann telephone?                             Who telephoned Ann?                      


In these examples who/what/which is the subject


  • Who wants something to eat? (not who does want)
  • Who invented the steam engine? (not who did invent)
  • What happened to you last night? (not what did happen) 
  • Which switch operates this machine? (not which switch does operate)


C.   We use negative questions especially:
To show surprise:


  • Didn't you hear the bell? I rang it four times.


In exclamations:


  • Doesn't that dress look nice! (= that dress looks nice)


When we expect the listener to agree with us:


  • ''Haven't we met somewhere before?" "Yes, I think we have."


Notice the meaning of yes and no in answers to negative questions:

Didn't Dave pass his exams? Yes. (=Yes, he passed them
                                                 No. (=No, he didn't pass them.)

Note the word order in negative questions with Why . . . ? :


  • Why didn't you lock the door? (not why you didn't lock)
  • Why don't we go out to eat? (not why we don't go)
  • Why can't you help me? (not why you can't help me)
  • Why wasn't Mary invited to the party? (not why Mary wasn't)



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