Present Perfect with how long; Simple Past with when; since and for Exercises

UNIT 19 Exercises

19.1   Write questions with how long and when.

Example: It is raining. (how long/it/rain?) How long has it been raining?
                 (when/it/start/raining?) when did it start raining?

1.   Ann is studying Italian.
(how long /she/study/Italian?)_________________________________________________
(when/she/begin/studying Italian?)__________________________________________________

2.   I know Tom.
(how long/you/know/Tom?)___________________________________________________
(when/you/first/meet/Tom?)____________________________________________________

3.   Glen and Mary are married.
(how long/they/be/married?)___________________________________________________
(when/they/get/married?)___________________________________________________


19.2   Put in since or for.

Example: Tom and I have known each other   for  six months.

1.   It's been raining __________ I got up this morning.

2.   Randy's father has been a policeman ___________ 20 years.

3.   Have you been studying English ___________ a long time?

4.   __________ Christmas, the weather has been quite mild.

5.   Janet has been on vacation ___________ three days.

6.   That's a very old car. I've had it ___________ ages.


19.3   Make a new sentence beginning in the way shown.

Examples: I know Liz. I first met her six months ago. I have known her for six months.
                    It's been raining since 2:00. It started raining at 2:00

1.   Maria's sick. She got sick three days ago. She has_________________________________________
 
2.   We have been married for five years. We got__________________________________________

3.   Jim has a beard. He grew it ten years ago. He has__________________________________________

4.   She has been in France for three weeks. She went_________________________________________

5.   He has had his new car since February. He bought_________________________________________



19.4   Imagine that two people are talking. Make sentences with It's. . . since. . .

Example: A: Do you take a vacation very often? (no/five years)
                  B: No, it's been five years since I took a vacation

1.   A: Do you eat in restaurants very often? (no/six months)
      B: No, it________________________________________________________

2.   A: Does it now here very often? (no years)
      B: No,__________________________________________________________

3.   A: Do you go swimming very often? (no/a long time)
      B:______________________________________________________________

UNIT 8 Exercises

UNIT 8 WILL or GOING TO Exercises.

8.1 Put the verb into the correct form, using will or going to.

Examples: A:  Why are you turning on the TV?
                   B:  I'm going to watch(watch) the news.

A:  Oh, I just realized I don't have any money.
B:  Don't worry that's no problem. I'll lend (lend) you some.

Those clouds are very black, aren't they? I think it is going to rain(rain).


1.   A:  I've got a terrible headache.
      B:  Do you? Wait here and I_____________________________(get) you some aspirin.



2.   A:  Why are you filling that bucket with water?
      B:  I.............................. ........(wash) the car.


3.   A:  I've decided to repaint this room.
      B:  Oh, you have? What color______________________________(you/paint) it?


4.   A:  Look! There's smoke coming out of that house. It's on fire!
     B:  Oh no! I_________________________________(call) the fire department right away.


5.   A:  The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe, does it?
      B:  No, it looks as if it______________________________________(fall) down.


6.   A:  Where are you going? Are you going shopping?
      B:  Yes, I______________________________________(buy) something for dinner.


7.   A:  I can't figure out how to use this camera.
      B:  It's easy. I______________________________________(show) you.


8.   A:  What would you like to have coffee or tea?
      B:  I have_____________________________________(have) coffee, please.


9.   A:  Has George decided what to do when he finishes school?
      B:  Oh yes. Everything is settled. He_______________________________(take) a vacation for a few weeks, then he___________________________(start) a computer programming course.


10.  A:  Did you mail that letter for me?
        B:  Oh, I'm sorry. I completely forgot. I__________________________(do) it now.


11.  A:  What shall we have for dinner?
        B:  I don't know. I can't make up my mind.
        A:  Come on, hurry up! Make a decision!
        B:  Okay. We___________________________(have) chicken.


12.  Jack:  We need some bread for lunch.
        Ben:  Oh, we do? I_____________________(go) to the store and get some. I feel like taking a walk.

Before he goes out, Ben talks to Jane:

Ben:  I____________________(get) some bread. Do you want anything from the store?
Jane:  Yes, I need some envelopes.
Ben:  Okay, I_____________________(get) you some.


13.  John has to go to the airport to catch a plane. He doesn't have a car.
John:  Toshi, can you take me to the airport tonight?
Toshi:  Of course I_________________________(take) you. I'd be happy to.

Later that day Eric offers to take John to the airport.

Eric:  John, do you want me to take you to the airport?
John:  No thanks, Eric. Toshi_____________________(take) me.

UNIT 8

UNIT 8 WILL or GOING TO?

Talking about future actions. 

A.  We use both will and going to to talk about our future actions, but there is a clear difference. 

Study this example situation: 

 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Helen's bicycle has a flat tire. She tells her father                                          will: We use will when we 
Helen: My bicycle has a flat tire.                                                                          decide to do something at Can you fix it for me?                                                                 the time of speaking. The speaker has not 
Father: Okay, but I can't do it now.                                                  decided before. Before Helen told her I'll fix it tomorrow.                                                                      father, he didn't know about the flat tire. 
 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later, Helen's mother speaks to her husband.                                  going to: We use going to when we Mother: Can you fix Helen's bicycle?                                            have already decided to do something. It has a flat tire.                                                                                                      Helen's father had already Father: Yes, I know. She told me.                                                                           decided to fix the bicycle I'm going to fix it tomorrow.                                                                         before his wife spoke to him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Here is another example:

• Tom is cooking when he suddenly discovers that there isn't any salt:

Tom: Ann, we don't have any salt.  
Ann: Oh, we don't? I'll get some from the store. (she decides at the time of speaking) 

Before going out, Ann says to Jim:

Ann: I'm going to get some salt from the store. (She has already decided) 
Can I you anything, Jim? 


B.  Saying what will happen (predicting future happenings)
We use both will and going to to say what we think will happen in the future:
 
#  Do you think Laura will get the job? 
#  Oh no! It's already 4:00. We're going to be late
We use going to (not will) when there is something in the present situation that shows what will will happen in the future (especially the near future). The speaker feels sure about happen because of the situation now: 

#  Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain. (the clouds are there now)  
#  I feel terrible. I think I'm going to be sick. (I feel terrible now) 
Do not use will in situations like these. 
 
In other situations, use will: 

#  Sue will probably arrive at about 8 o'clock. 

#  I think George will like the present you bought for him.

UNIT 7 Exercises

UNIT 7 Will part 2 Exercises 


7.1  Decide which form of the verb is correct (or more natural) these sentences. Cross out the one that is wrong.

Example:  Tom Isn't free on Saturday. He will work/is working. 


1.  I will go/am going to a party tomorrow night. Would you like to come too? 

2.  According to the weather forecast, it will/is raining tomorrow.

3.   I'm sure Tom will get/is getting the job. He has a lot of experience.

4.   I can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine will come/is coming to see me.

5.   A: Have you decided where to go for your vacation yet? 
      B: Yes, We will go/are going to Italy.

6.   Don't worry about the dog. It won' hurt/isn't hurting you.


7.2  Write questions using do you think. . . will. . . . Use a verb below for each time. 

arrive          come          cost          finish          get            married          rain              pass

1.   Bill is taking his final exam soon.    Do you think    he   will pass   ?

2.   I've invited her to the party. Do you________________she________________?

3.   Jack and Ann are coming over tonight? What time do____________________they________________?

4.   The weather doesn't look very good. Do_______________________________________________?

5-  My car needs to be repaired. How much_____________________________?

6.  They are in love.  Do______________________________________________________?

7.  The meeting is still going on. When_______________________________________________?


7.3  Answer these question using the words in parentheses( . . . ) . 

Example: Who do you think will win the prize? (bet/Sue) I bet Sue will win.


1.  What do you think she''ll say? (probably / nothing) She____________________________________

2.  Where do you think she'll go? (bet / South America) I _____________________________________

3.  When do you think she'll leave? (think / tomorrow) I______________________________________

4.  How do you think she'll go there? (suppose / by plane) I___________________________________

5.  When do you think she'll be back? (think / quite soon) I___________________________________

6.  Do you think you'll miss her? ('m sure / very much) Yes,___________________________________


7.4  Read each situation and then write a question with shall I? or shall we? In each stuuation you are talking to a friend.

Example: It's very hot in the room The window is shut.  Shall I open the window? 

l.   Your friend wants you to call him/her later. You don't know what time to call. Ask your friend. You say:  What________________________________________________________________________________

2.  You and your friend haven't decided what to have for dinner.
You say:________________________________________________________________________________________

3.  You and your friend are going out. You haven't decided whether to go by car or to walk.  You say______________________________________________________________________________________________or ___________________________________________________________________________________________

UNIT 7

UNIT 7 Will part 2
 
A.   When we talk about the future, we often say what someone has arranged to do or intends what to do. Do not use will in this situation.

•  Tom is Playing tennis on Monday (not Tom will play) 

•  Are you going to watch television this evening? (not will you watch)

But often when we are talking about the future, we are not ralking about arrangements or intentions. 

Study this example:

Tom:   I'm really worried about my exam next week.
Ann:   Don't worry, Tom. You'll pass.

''You'll pass" is not an arrangement or an intention. Ann is just saying what will  happen or what she thinks will happe; she is predicting the future. When we predict a future happening or a future situation, we use will/won't.

• When you return home, you'll notice a lot of changes.

• This time next year I'll be in Japan. Where will you be? 

• When will you find out your exam results?

• Tom won't pass his exam. He hasn't done any work for it.

We often use will with these words and expressions:


probably          I'll probably be a little late this evening 

(I'm) sure         You must meet Ann. I'm sure you'll like her.

(I) bet                I bet Carol will get the job.

(I) think            Do you think we'll win the match?

(I) suppose        I suppose we'll see John at the party.

(I) guess            I guess I'll see you next week.

B.   Will and shall 

You can say I will or I shall (I'll)
                  we will or we shall (we'll) 

• I will (or I shall) probably go to Europe this summer.

• We will (or we shall) probably go to Europe this summer.

Will is more common than shall. In speech we normally use the short forms I'll and we'll:

• I'll probably go to Europe

Do not use shall with he/she/it/they/you.

• John will help you (not shall help you) 

We use shall (not will) in the questions Shall I. . . ? and Shall we. . . ? (for offers, suggestions, etc.) 

• Shall I open the window? (=Do you want me to open the window?) 

• Where shall we go this evening?

UNIT 6 Exercises

UNIT 6 Will Exercises 


6.1.   Complete the sentences with I'll + an appropriate verb. 

Example: I'm too tired to walk home. I think       I'll take      a taxi. 

1. I'm a little hungry. I think__________________something to eat. 

2. It's too late to call Tom now. __________________ him in the morning. 

3. "It's a bit cold in this room'' ''Is it?__________________ on the heat then. 

4. ''We don't have any milk.''. ''Oh, we don't?_________________and get some.'' 

5. ''Did you write that letter to Jack?''    ''Oh, I forgot Thanks for reminding me. ________________ it tonight.''

6. ''Would you like tea or coffee?''   ''__________________coffee, please.''


6.2.   Use I think I'll . . . or I don't think I'll . . . Read the situation and then write your sentence. 

Examples: It's cold. You decide to close the window.  I think I'll close the window. 
                   It's raining. You decide not to go out I don't think I'll go out. 

1. You feel tired. You decide to go to bed. I_______________________ 

2. A friend of yours offers you a ride home, but you decide to walk Thank you, but_____________________ 

3. You arranged to play tennis. Now you decide that you don't want to play. _______________________ 

4. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don't want to go. __________________________ 


6.3.   Offer to do things. Tom has a lot of things to do and you offer to do them for him. 

Example: Tom: Oh, I have to clean up. You: No,    that's all right . I'll clean up.

1. Tom: Oh, I have to get dinner ready. You: No, that's all right, I___________________________________ 

2. Tom: Oh, I have to do the shopping You: No,___________________________________________

3. Tom: Oh, I have to water the plants. You:_______________________________________________


6.4.   Agree and promise to do things. 

Example: 
A: Can you clean the windows?            B: Sure,    I'll clean them    this afternoon 
A: Do you promise                                   B: yes, I promise I'll clean them this afternoon. 

1.  A: Can you call me later?                   B: Sure,____________________________________ tonight. 
     A: Do you promise?                             B: Yes, ______________________________________________

2.  A: Can you fix the clock                      B: Okay,________________________________ tomorrow. 
     A: Do_________________________?                B:____________________________________________________

3.  A: Please don't tell anyone.                 B: All right, I won't tell anyone 
     A:_____________________________?                B:____________________________________________________

4. A: Please don't hurt me                        B: Don't worry,_____________________________________
    A:______________________________?                B:____________________________________________________