Past Perfect Continuous ( I had been doing) Exercises

UNIT 22 Exercises

22.1   Read the situation and then write a sentence.

Example: The two boys came into the house. One had a black eye and the other had a cut lip. (they/fight) They had been fighting.

1.   Tom was watching TV. He was feeling very tired.(he/study/hard all day) He___________________________________________

2.   When I walked into the room, it was empty. But it smelled of cigarettes.
 (Somebody/smoke/in the room) Somebody_______________________________________________

3.   When Mary came back from the beach. she looked very red from the sun.(she/lie/in the sun too long)__________________________________________________

4.   The two boys came into the house. They had a football, and they were both very tired.
(they/play/football)________________________________________________

5.   Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened, and she didn't know where
she was, (she/dream)_______________________________________________

22.2   Read the situation and then write a sentence.

Example: We began playing football. After half an hour there was a terrible storm.
We had been playing for half an hour when there was a terrible storm.

1.   The orchestra began playing at the concert. After about ten minutes a man in the audience suddenly began shouting.
The orchestra_____________________________________for about ten minutes when_________________________________________________

2.   I had arranged to meet Sue in a cafe. I arrived and began waiting. After 20 minutes l realized that I had come to the wrong cafe.       
I_______________________________________________when I_____________________________________________________

3.   Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins went to live in the south of France. Six months later Mr. Jenkins died.
They______________________________________________when____________________________________________________


22.3   Put the verb into the correct form: past perfect continuous (I had been doing) or past continuous (I was doing).

Examples: Sue was leaning against the wall, out of breath. she had been running. (run)
I tried to catch Sue but I couldn't. She was running (run) very fast.

1.   Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He was_________________________(look) for his
contact lens.

2.   We________________________________(walk) along the road for about 20 minutes when a car stopped and the driver offered us a lift.

3.   When I arrived, everyone was sitting around the table with their mouths full. They________________________________(eat).

4.   When I arrived, everyone was sitting around the table and talking. Their mouth
were empty but their stomachs were full. They______________________________________(eat).

5.   When I arrived, Ann___________________________________ (wait) for me. She was annoyed because I was late, and she_____________________________________________(wait) for a very long time.

Past Perfect Continuous ( I had been doing)

UNIT 22 Past Perfect Continuous.

A.   Study this example situation: 
 
Yesterday morning I got up and looked out the window. The sun was shining, but the ground was very wet.

It had been raining.

It wasn't raining when I looked out the window;  the sun was shining. But it had been raining. That's why the ground was wet.

Had been raining is the past perfect continuous tense:

I/he/she (etc.) had (=I'd/he'd/she'd, etc.) been doing.

Here are some more examples:

• When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dirty, their hair was a mess, and one had a black eye. They had been fighting.

• I was very tired when I arrived home. I'd been working hard all day.

B.   You can use the past perfect continuous to say how long something had been happening before something else happened:

• The soccer game had to be stopped. They had been playing for half an hour when there was a terrible storm

• Ken had been smoking for 30 years when he finally gave it up.

C.   the past perfect continuous ( I had been doing) is the past of the present perfect continuous (I had been doing). Compare:

Present                                                                                     Past
How long have you been waiting?(until now)                How long had you been waiting                   He's out of breath. He has been                                           when the bus finally came?
running.                                                                                 He was out of breath. He had been running.

D.   Compare the past perfect continuous (I had been doing) with the past continuous (I was
doing)

• when I looked out the window, it had been raining. (=It wasn't raining when I looked out; it had stopped.

• When I looked out the window, it was raining. (= Rain was falling at the time looked out.)

E.   Some verbs (for example, know) cannot be used in the continuous form.

Past Perfect ( I have done ) Exercises

UNIT 21 Exercises

21.1   Complete these sentences using the verbs in parentheses( . . . ). You went back to your home
town after many years, and you found that many things were different.
 
Example: Most of my friends were no longer there. They had left (leave)

1.   My best friend, Kevin, was no longer there. He_________________(go) away.

2.   The local movie theater was no longer open. It_________________(close) down.

3.   Mr. Johnson was no longer alive. He__________________(die)

4.   I didn't recognize Mr Johnson. She___________________(change) a lot

5.   Bill no longer had his car. He______________________(sell) it


21.2   Complete these sentences as in the example. Use the verb in parentheses.

Example: Mr. and Mrs. Davis were in an airplane. They were very nervous as the plane took off because they (never/fly) had never flown before.

1.   The woman was a complete stranger to me. (never/see) I_________________________before

2.   Margaret was late for work. Her boss was very surprised. (never/be/late) she______________________________________

3.   Jane played tennis yesterday-at least she tried to play tennis. She wasn't very good at it because she (never/play)_________________________________________

4.   It was Carl's first driving lesson. He was very nervous and didn't know what to do (never/drive) He_________________________________________


21.3    Make sentences using the words in parentheses.
Example: I wasn't hungry. (I/just/have/lunch) I had just had lunch.

1.   Tom wasn't home when I arrived. (l/just/go/out)__________________________________

2.   We arrived at the theater late. (the movie/already/begin)___________________________________

3.   They weren't eating when I went to see them, (they/just/finish/their dinner)_______________________________________________

4.   I invited Ann to dinner last night, but she couldn't come. (she/already/make plans/to do something else)________________________________________________

5.   I was very pleased to see Diane again after such a long time, (I/not/see/her for five years)___________________________________________________________


21.4   Put the verb into the correct form: past perfect (I had done) or simple past (I did)

Examples: "Was Tom there when you arrived?" "No, he had gone(go) home."
''Was Tom there when you arrived?''       ''Yes, but he went (go) home soon afterward''

1.   The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody_________________(go) to bed

2.   I felt very tired when I got home, so I___________________(go) straight to bed

3.   Sorry I'm late. The car____________________(break) down on my way here.

4.   There was a car by the side of the road. It______________________(break) down and the driver was trying to repair it. So we____________________(stop) to see if we could help.

Past Perfect ( I had done )

UNIT 21 Past Perfect (I had done)

A.   Study this example situation:

I went to a party last week. Tom went to the party too. Tom home 10:30. So, when I arrived at 11:00, Tom wasn't there.

When I arrived at the party, Tom wasn't there. He had gone home.

This is past perfect (simple) tense:

I/he/she (etc.) had (=I'd/he'd, she'd, etc.) gone
I/he/she (etc.) hadn't gone
had you/he/she (etc.) gone?


We form the past perfect with had + the past participle (gone/opened/written, etc.).

Sometimes we talk about something that happened in the past:

• I arrived at the party.

We use the past perfect to say that something had already happened before this time:

• When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home.

Here are some more examples:

• When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my apartment and had stolen my fur coat.

• George didn't want to come to the movies with us because he had already seen the film twice.

• It was my first time in an airplane. I was very nervous because I had never flown before.

B.   The past perfect (I had done) is the past of the present perfect (I have done) Compare these situations:

Present                                                                             Past
I'm not hungry. I've just had lunch                            I wasn't hungry. I'd just had lunch
The house is dirty. We haven't                                    The house was dirty. We hadn't
cleaned it for weeks.                                                     cleaned it for week.


C.   Compare the past perfect (I had done) and the simple past (I did)

• ''Was Tom there when you arrive?''    ''No, he had already gone home.''

   but: "Was Tom there when you arrived?"  ''Yes, but he went home soon afterward.''

• Ann wasn't home when I called her. She was at work.

   but: Ann had just gotten home when I called her. She had been at work.

Present Perfect or Simple Past Exercises

UNIT 20 Exercises

20.1   Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong.

Examples: Have you heard? Suzanne has gotten married!                        RIGHT.
                    The Chinese have invented printing.                                         WRONG-invented

1.   Who has written the play Hamlet?                                                          ___________

2.   Aristotle has been a Greek philosopher.                                                  ___________

3.   Ow! I've cut my toe. It's bleeding.                                                            ____________

4.   My grandparents got married in Canada.                                                ____________

5.   Einstein was the physicist who has developed the theory of relativity.           _____________

6.   Abraham Lincoln was President of the U.S. rom 1861 to 1865.          ____________

7.   The U.S. has bought Alaska from Russia in 1867.                                   ____________

8.   Helen bought a new car two weeks ago.                                                 ____________

9.   Have you visited many museums when you were in Paris?               ____________

10.   When did you give up Smoking?                                                            ____________

11.   My bicycle isn't here. Somebody has taken it.                                     _____________

12.   I haven't eaten anything yesterday because I  haven't been hugnry.             ______________


20.2   Make sentences using the words given.
Examples: (I/smoke/20 cigarettes yesterday) I smoked 20 cigaretees yesterday.
(how many cigarettes/you/smoke/today?) how many cigarettes have you smoked today?


1.   (I/be/ sick twice so far this year) I______________________________________

2.   (how many times /be/ you/sick last year?) How many times_________________________________

3.   (I/not/drink/any coffee so far today)____________________________________________

4.   (he/be/late three times this week)____________________________________________

5.   (how many games/the team/win last season?)_________________________________________

6.   (how many games/the team/win so far this season?)_____________________________________


20.3   Put the verb into the correct form: present perfect (I have done) or simple past (I did)

Example: I didn't play (not/play) golf when I was on vacation last summer.

1.   Mr. Clark______________(work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.

2.   George lives in Athens. He____________________(live) there all his life.

3.   Bob and Alice are married. The______________________(be) married for 20 years.

4.   When we were on vacation, the weather___________________(be) terrible.

5.   The weather______________________(be) very nice lately.

6.   My grandfather died 30 years ago. I______________________(never/meet) him.

7.   I don't know Carol's husband. I________________________(never/meet) him.

Present Perfect or Simple Past?

UNIT 20 Present perfect (I have done) or simple past (I did)?

A.   It is often possible to use the present perfect (I have done) or the simple past (I did):

I've lost my key. Have you seen it anywhere?
or I lost my key. Did you see it anywhere?

But do not use the present perfect to say when something happened (for example, yesterday, two years ago, when I was a child, etc.). Use a past tense in these sentences:

• I lost my key yesterday. (not have lost)

• Did you see the movie on TV last night? (not have you seen)

• I ate a lot of candy when I was a child. (not have eaten)

Use a past tense to ask when or what time something happened:

• What time did they arrive? (not have they arrived)

• When were you born? (not have been born)

B.   Do not use present perfect (I have done) for happenings and actions that are not the connected with the present (for example, historical events):

• The Chinese invented printing. (not have invented)

• How many symphonies did Beethoven compose? (not has . . . composed)

C.   Now compare these sentences:
Present perfect (I have done)                                               Simple past (I did)
I've smoked 20 cigarettes today.                                       I smoked 20 cigarettes yesterday.

Today is a period of time that continues                           Yesterday is a finished time the
up to the present. It is not a finished                                   past. So we use the simple past.
time. So we use the present perfect.

Dan hasn't been sick this year                                           Dan wasn't sick last year.
Have you seen Ann this morning?                                    Did you see Ann this morning?                     (It is still morning)                                                                 (It is now afternoon.)
Have you seen Ann recently?                                             Did you see Ann last week?
We've been waiting for an hour. (We are                          We waited (or were waiting) for an
still waiting.)                                                                           hour. (We are no longer waiting.)
Pierre has lived in Quebec for six years                            Pierre lived in Quebec for ten years.
(He still lives there.)                                                              (He no longer lives there.)
I have never played golf (in my life).                            I didn't play golf when I was on vacation       .                                                                                                  last summer.

The present perfect always has a                                        The simple past tells us only about
connection with the present.                                                the past.

Present Perfect with how long; Simple Past with when; since and for Exercises

UNIT 19 Exercises

19.1   Write questions with how long and when.

Example: It is raining. (how long/it/rain?) How long has it been raining?
                 (when/it/start/raining?) when did it start raining?

1.   Ann is studying Italian.
(how long /she/study/Italian?)_________________________________________________
(when/she/begin/studying Italian?)__________________________________________________

2.   I know Tom.
(how long/you/know/Tom?)___________________________________________________
(when/you/first/meet/Tom?)____________________________________________________

3.   Glen and Mary are married.
(how long/they/be/married?)___________________________________________________
(when/they/get/married?)___________________________________________________


19.2   Put in since or for.

Example: Tom and I have known each other   for  six months.

1.   It's been raining __________ I got up this morning.

2.   Randy's father has been a policeman ___________ 20 years.

3.   Have you been studying English ___________ a long time?

4.   __________ Christmas, the weather has been quite mild.

5.   Janet has been on vacation ___________ three days.

6.   That's a very old car. I've had it ___________ ages.


19.3   Make a new sentence beginning in the way shown.

Examples: I know Liz. I first met her six months ago. I have known her for six months.
                    It's been raining since 2:00. It started raining at 2:00

1.   Maria's sick. She got sick three days ago. She has_________________________________________
 
2.   We have been married for five years. We got__________________________________________

3.   Jim has a beard. He grew it ten years ago. He has__________________________________________

4.   She has been in France for three weeks. She went_________________________________________

5.   He has had his new car since February. He bought_________________________________________



19.4   Imagine that two people are talking. Make sentences with It's. . . since. . .

Example: A: Do you take a vacation very often? (no/five years)
                  B: No, it's been five years since I took a vacation

1.   A: Do you eat in restaurants very often? (no/six months)
      B: No, it________________________________________________________

2.   A: Does it now here very often? (no years)
      B: No,__________________________________________________________

3.   A: Do you go swimming very often? (no/a long time)
      B:______________________________________________________________

Present Perfect with how long; Simple Past with when, since and for

UNIT 19 Present Perfect with how long; Simple Past with when, since and for. 

A.   Use the simple past (I did) to ask or say when something happened:

A:   When did it start raining?
B:   It started raining at one o'clock/an hour ago.
A:   When did Joe and Carol first meet?
B:   They first met when they were in college/a long time ago

Use the present perfect (I have done/I have been doing) to ask or say how long something has been happening (up to the present):
 
A:   How long has it been raining?
B:   It's been raining since one o'clock /for an hour.
A:   How long have Joe and Carol known each other?
B:   They've known each other since they were in college/for a long time.


B.   Since and for

We use both since and for to say how long something has been happening:

I've been waiting for you since 8 o'clock.
I've been waiting for you for two hours.

We use since when we say the beginning of the period (8 o'clock)
We use for when we say the period of time (two hours)

                 Since                                                                            for

8 o'clock               1977                                      two hours                 a week.
Monday                 Christmas                            ten minutes              five years
May 12                   lunchtime                           three days                 a long time
April                       we arrived                          six months                ages

*   She's been working here since April. (=from April until now)
     She's been working here for six months. (not since six months)

*   I haven't seen Tom since Monday. (=from Monday util now)
     I haven't seen Tom for three days. (not since three days)

We do not use for in expressions with all (all day/all morning all week all my life, etc.):
 

• I've lived here all my life. (not for all my life)

C.   Note the structure How long has it been since. . . ?:

• A: How long has it been since you had a vacation?
• B: It's been (=it has been) two years since I  had a vacation (= I haven't had a vacation for two years.)

• It's been ages since Aunt Helen visited us. (= She hasn't visited us for ages.)

Present Perfect with how long, for, since Exercises

UNIT 18 Exercises

18.1   Are these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong.

Examples: How long have Bob and Alice been married?                  RIGHT
                   I know Bob for five years.                                                    WRONG-have known


1.   Sue and Alan are married since July.                                              ___________

2.   It is raining all day.                                                                            ___________

3.   How long has George been unemployed?                                      ___________

4.   Have you always been living in this house?                                  ___________

5.   How long does en have a beard?                                                     ____________

6.   How long do you know Ann?                                                           ____________

7.   She has been sick for a long time.                                                   ____________


18.2   Write questions with how long?

Examples: Jim is studying Chinese.  How long has he been studying Cninese?
                   I know Bob.  How long have you known Bob

1.   My sister is married.  How long_______________________________________________

2.   Carol is on vacation.  How long_______________________________________________

3.   I live in Australia.__________________________________________________

4.   It is snowing.____________________________________________________

5.   Jack smokes.____________________________________________________

6.   I know about her problem.____________________________________________________

7.   Robert and Jill are looking for an apartment.______________________________________________

8.   Diana teaches English in Brazil._________________________________________________

9.   Dennis is in love with Liz.__________________________________________________

10.   John has a car.____________________________________________________


18.3   Read a sentence and then write another sentence with since or for

Example: I know Bob. (for five years) I have known Bob for five years.

1.   Jack lives in Chicago.  (since he was born)  Jack_______________________________________________

2.   Mary is unemployed. (since April) Mary___________________________________________________

3.   Ann has a bad cold. (for the last few days) ___________________________________________________

4.   I want to go to the moon. (since I was a child)________________________________________________

5.   My is studying languages in college. (for two years)___________________________________________

6.   Tim and Jane are working in Peru. (since February)____________________________________________

7.   My cousin is in the army. (since he was 18)______________________________________________________

8.   They are waiting for us. (for half an hour)_________________________________________________________

Present Perfect with how long, for, since

UNIT 18 Present perfect ( I have/ I have been doing ) with how long, for, since

A.   Study this example situation:

Daniel and Marie are married. They got married exactly 20 years ago, so today is their 20th wedding anniversary.

They have been married for 20 years.

We use the present perfect to say how long something has existed or how long something has been happening.
                                 {   How have they been married?
they are married  {
                                 {   They have been married for 20 years.


B.   We use the present perfect continuous (I have been doing) to say how long something has been happening. Note that the action is still happening now.

• I've been studying English for a long time.

• Sorry I'm late. Have you been waiting long? 

• It's been raining since I got up this morning.

Sometimes the action is a repeated action:

• Liz has been driving for ten years. 

•  How long have you been smoking?

The continuous (I have been doing) or the simple (I have done) can be used for actions repeated over a long period:

• I've been collecting/I've collected stamps since I was a child

C.   We use the simple (I have done) for situations that exist for a long time (especially if we
say always). Note that the situation still exists now.

• My father has always worked hard. (not has always been working)

We use the continuous situations over a shorter time. Compare:

• John has been living in China since January.

• John has always lived in China.

D.   Some verbs (for example be, have, know) are not normally used in the continuous:

• How long have Bob and Alice been married?

• Sue has had a cold for the past week. (not has been having)

• Bill and I have known each other since high school

E.   Do not use the simple present (I do) or present continuous (I am doing) to say how long something has been happening:

• I've been waiting here for an hour (not I am waiting)

• How long have you known Jane? (not do you know)

Present Perfect Continuous or Present Perfect Simple Exercises

UNIT 17 Exercises

17.1   Read the situation and then write two sentences, one with the present perfect simple ( I have
done) and one with the present perfect continuous ( I have been doing )

Example: Tom is reading a book He started two hours ago, and he is on page 53.

(he/read/for two hours)  He has been reading for two hours.
(he/read/53 so far) He has read 53 pages so far.

1.   Linda is from Canada. Now she is traveling around Europe. She began her trip three months ago.
(she/travel/around Europe for three months) ____________________________________________________
(she/visit/six countries so far)______________________________________________________

2.   Sue is a tennis champion. She began playing tennis when she was 11 years old. Now she
has just won the national championship for the fourth time.
(she/play/tennis since she was 11)___________________________________________________
(she/win/the national championship four times)___________________________________________________

3.   Bill and Andy make films. They started making films together when they left college.(they/make/films since they left college)________________________________________________
(they/make/ten films since they left college)________________________________________________________

17.2   Imagine that you are talking to a friend. Read the situation and ask a question beginning in the way shown.

Example: Your friend is studying Arabic. How long have you been studying Arabic?

1. Your friend is waiting for you. How long_________________________________________________

2. Your friend writes books. How many books_____________________________________________

3. Your friend writes books. How long_______________________________________________________

4. Your friend is fishing by the river. How many fish_________________________________________________


17.3   Put the verb into the correct form: present perfect simple ( I have done) or continuous ( I have been doing)

Examples: I have lost (lost) my key. Can you help me look for it?
You look tired. Have you been working (you/work) too hard?

1. Look! Somebody__________________________(break) that window

2. I ___________________________(read) the book you gave me, but I________________________________(not/finish) it yet.

3. "Sorry I'm late''  "That's all right. I_____________________________(not/wait) long.''

4. Hello! I_________________________________(clean) the windows. So far I_______________________________(clean) five of them and there are two more to do.

5. There's a strange smell in here____________________________(you/cook) something?

6. My brother is an actor. He______________________________(appear) in several movies.

Present Perfect Continuous or Present Perfect Simple?

UNIt 17 Present Perfect Continuous or Present Perfect Simple?

A.   Study these example situations:

Ann's clothes are covered in paint                              The ceiling was white. Now it's blue

She has been painting the ceiling.                             She has painted the ceiling.

Has been painting is the present                               Has painted is the present

perfect continuous tense.                                              perfect simple tense.

We are interested in the action. It                               This time, the thing is
does not matter whether something                          that something has been finished. We

has been finished or not. In the                                    are interested in the result of the
example, the action has not been                                action, not in the action itself.
finished.

                                              Here are some pairs of examples:

Tom's hands are very dirty. He                                    The car is working again now. Tom

has been fixing the car.                                                has fixed it.

You've been smoking too much                                 Somebody has smoked all my cigarettes The lately. You should smoke less.                                       packet is empty.

                                                                           

B.   We use the continuous form to say                        We use the simple form to say how

how long something has been                                       much we have done, how many things we have happening:                                                                        done, or how many times we have done            1.   Ann has been writing letters                                something now:

all day.                                                                               1.    Ann has written ten letters today.  

2.   How long have you been reading                       2.   How many pages of that book have

that book?                                                                          you read?

3.    Jim has been playing tennis                                  3.    Jim has played tennis three times      since 2:00.                                                                        this week.

Present Perfect Continuous ( I have been doing ) exercises

UNIT 16 Exercises

16.1   Read the situation and then write a sentence with the present perfect continuous (I have been doing)

Example: Carlos is out of breath. (he/run) He has been running

1.   Jane is very tired. (she/work/hard)____________________________________________

2.   Bob has a black eye, and Bill has a cut lip. (Bob and Bill/fight)_______________________________________

3.   George has just come back from the beach. He is very red. (he/lie/in the sun)______________________________________________

4.   Janet is hot and tired. (she/play/tennis)_________________________________________


16.2   Ask a question for each situation.

Example: Your friend's hands are covered with grease. (you/work/on the car?) 
Have you been working on the car?
1.   You see a little boy. His eyes are red and watery. (you/cry?)
____________________________________________________________

2.   You have just arrived to meet your friend, who is waiting for you. (you/wait/long?)
____________________________________________________________

3.   Your friend comes in. Her face and hands are very dirty. (what/you/do?)
_____________________________________________________________


16.3  say how long something has been happening.

Example: It is raining now. It began raining two hours ago.
It has been raining for two hours.

1.   Kevin is studying. He began studying three hours ago
He________________________________________for three hours.

2.   I'm learning Spanish. I started learning Spanish in December
I_________________________________________since December.

3.   Ann is looking for a job. She began looking six months ago.
__________________________________________for six months.

4.   Mary is working in Toronto. She started working there on January 18th.
___________________________________________since January 18th.

5.   Mark smokes. He started smoking five years ago.
___________________________________________for five years.


16.4   Ask questions with how long.

Example: It is raining.  How long has it been raining?

1.   Sue is reading War and Peace.  How long__________________________________

2.   Mike plays chess.  How_______________________________________

3.   Jim sells washing machines.  _____________________________________________

4.   Linda is living on Main Street.  ____________________________________________

Present Perfect Continuous ( I have been doing )

UNIT 16 Present Perfect Continuous

A.   Study this example situation:

Is it raining?

No, it isn't, but the ground is wet.

It has been raining.

This is the present perfect continuous tense:

I/we/they/you    have           (= I've, etc.)   }   been doing.

he/she/it                 has           (= he's, etc.)   }   been doing.


We use the present perfect continuous when we talk about an action that began in the past and has recently stopped or just stopped. Here are some examples:

• You're out of breath. Have you been running?

• Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?

• I've been talking to Tom about your problem, and he thinks . . .

B.   We also use the present perfect continuous to ask or say how long something has been happening. This time the action or situation began in the past and is still happening or has just stopped. Study this example:

It is raining now. It began to rain two hours ago, and it is still raining.

It has been raining for two hours.

We often use the present perfect continuous in this way, especially with how long, for, and since.


Here are some more examples:

• How long have you been studying English?

• They've been waiting here for over an hour.

• I've been watching television since 2:00.

• George hasn't been feeling very well lately.

• Have you been working hard today?

You can also use the present perfect continuous (with how long, for, and since) for actions repeated over a period of time:

• She has been playing tennis since she was eight.

• How long have you been smoking?

Present Perfect ( I have done ) Part 3 Exercises

UNIT 15 Exercises

15.1 Make questions with the words given.
Example: (you hear from George recently?)  Have you heard from George recently?

1.   (you /read/a newspaper lately?)______________________________________________________
2.   (you/see/Lisa in the past few days?)_____________________________________________________
3.   (you/play/tennis lately?)_______________________________________________________
4.   (you/eat/anything today?)_______________________________________________________
5.   (you/see/any good movies lately?)_____________________________________________________
6.   (you/take/your vacation yet?)_______________________________________________________

15.2   Answer the questions in the way shown. Use yet.

Example: Have you seen the new film at the local cinema?
I haven't seen it yet , but I'm going to see it.

1. Have you eaten at the new Japanese restaurant?
I________________________________yet, but I'm_________________________________________

2. Have you bought a car?
I________________________________but I_________________________________________

3. Has Jerry asked Diana to marry him?
He_____________________________________________________________________________


15.3  Complete the sentence. Use so far.

Examples: I saw Tom yesterday, but I haven't seen him so far.
                   It rained a lot last week, but it hasn't rained much so far this week.

1. We ate a lot yesterday, but we___________________________________________much so far today.

2. It snowed a lot last winter, but it___________________________________________so far this winter.

3. I played tennis a lot last year, but__________________________________________this year.

4. She worked hard last semester, but__________________________________________this semester.

5. I watched television last night, but__________________________________________tonight.

6. My favorite baseball team won a lot of games last season, but they____________________________________________many games so far this season.



15.4.   Read the situation and then finish the last sentence.

Example: Ron is calling Jill again. He has already called her twice this evening.
                  It's the third time he has called ner this evening.

1. You're late again. You've already been late once this week.
It's the second_______________________________________________________this week.

2. The car has broken down. It has already broken down twice this month.
It's the__________________________________________________________________

3. Ann has just finished drinking a cup of tea. She has already had four cups this morning.
It's the fifth_____________________________________________________________

Present Perfect ( I have done ) Part 3

UNIT 15  Present Perfect part 3

 A   Study this example:

Tom: Have you heard from George?
Ann: No, he hasn't written to me lately.

We use the present perfect when we talk about a period of time that continues up to the present. Tom and Ann are talking about the period between a short time ago and now. So they say "have you heard" and "he hasn't written.''

Here are some more examples:

• Have you seen my umbrella? I can't find it anywhere.

• Everything is going fine. We haven't had any problems so far.

• We've met a lot of interesting people in the last few days. 

• Fred has been sick a lot in the past few years, hasn't he?

• I haven't seen Maria recently. Have you?

B.   We often use the present perfect with yet. Yet shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. Use yet only in questions and negative sentences:

• Has it stopped raining yet?

• I haven't told them about the accident yet.

You can also use yet with the simple past:

• Did it stop raining yet? 

• I didn't tell them yet.

C.   We use the present perfect with this morning/ this evening/today/this week/this semester, etc.  (when these periods are not finished at the time of speaking):

• I've had five cups of coffee today. (Perhaps I'll have more before the day is over.)

• Has Ann had a vacation this year?

• I haven't seen Tom this morning. Have you?

• Liz hasn't studied very much this semester.

• Bill is calling his girlfriend again. That's the third time he's called her this evening.

D.   We also use the present perfect continuous (I have been doing) when we talk about a period of time continuing up to the present:

• I haven't been feeling very well lately.

Present Perfect ( I have done ) Part 2 Exercises

UNIT 14 Present Perfect Part 2 Exercises

14.1  You are asking about things she has done in her life. Use the words in parentheses ( . . . ) to make your questions.

Example: (you ever /be/to China?) Have yau ever been to china?

1.  (you ever/be/to South America?) _______________________________________

2. (you/read/any English novels?) ______________________________________

3. (you/live/ in this town all your life?) _______________________________________

4. (how many times/you/be/in love?) ______________________________________

5. (what's the most beautiful country you/ever/visit? _______________________________________

6. (you ever/speak/to a famous person?) _____________________________________________




14.2   Complete the answers to these questions. Use the verb in parentheses.
Example: Is it a beautiful painting? (see) Yes, it's the most beautitul painting I've ever seen.

1.   Is it a good movie (see) Yes, it's the best__________________________________________
2.   Is a long book? (read) Yes, it's the_______________________________________________
3.   Is she an interesting (meet) Yes, she's the most____________________________________


14.3   write questions and answers as shown in the example.

Example: Jack is driving a car, but he's very nervous and not sure what to do.
                  You ask:   Is this the first time you've driven a car?
                   Jack:   Yes, I've never driven a car before.

1.   Len is playing tennis. He's not very good and doesn't know the rules.
      You ask:    Is this the first time________________________________________________
      Len:   Yes, I've___________________________________________________________________

2.   Sue is riding a horse. She doesn't look very confident or comfortable.
      You ask_________________________________________________________________________
       Sue:____________________________________________________________________________

3.    Marie is in Canada. She's just arrived and it's very new to her.
       You ask:_______________________________________________________________
       Maria:_________________________________________________________________


14.4   Answer these questions using the words in parentheses

Example: When did you last smoke? (for two years) I haven't smoked for two years

1.   When did it last rain? (for ages) It_______________________________________________________
2.   When did they last visit you? (since June) They__________________________________________________
3.   When did you last play tennis? (for a long time)__________________________________________________
4.   When did you last eat caviar? (never)_________________________________________________________
5.   When did you last drive? (for six months)_______________________________________________________
6.   When did you last go to Puerto Rico?(never) _____________________________________________________
7.   When did she last write to you? (since last summer)_______________________________________________

Present Perfect ( I have done ) part 2

UNIT 14 Present perfect (2)

A   Study this example conversation:

Dave:  Have you traveled a lot, Jane?
Jane:  Yes, I've been to 47 different countries.
Dave:  Really? Have you ever been to China?
Jane:  Yes, I've visited China twice.
Dave:  What about India?
Jane:  No, I've never been to India.
 
When we talk about a period of time that continues up to the present, we use the present perfect. Jane and Dave are talking about the places Jane has visited in her life (which is a period continuing up to the present).

 
Here are some more examples:

• "Have you read Hamlet?''            ''No, I haven't read any of Shakespeare's plays.''

• How many times have you been to the United States?
   
• Susan really loves that movie. She's seen it eight times.

• Carlos has lived in Argentina all his life. (or Carlos has always lived in Argentina.)

We often use ever and never with the present perfect:

• Have you ever eaten caviar?

• We have never had a car.

We often use the present perfect after a superlative:

• What a boring movie! It's the most boring movie I've ever seen.

B   You have to use the present perfect with This is the first time. . . , It's the first time. . . , etc. Study this example situation:

• Ron is driving a car. He is very nervous and unsure because it's his first time behind the wheel of a car. You can say:

           This is the first time he has driven a car. (not drives)
or:      He has never driven a car before.

Here are some more examples:

• Kathy has lost her passport again. It's the second time she has lost it.

• Is this the first time you've been in the hospital?

C   Use the present perfect to say that you have never done something or that you haven't done something during a period of time that continues up to the present:

• I have never smoked.

• I haven't smoked for three years. (not I don't smoke for . . . )

• I haven't smoked since September. (not I don't smoke since . . . )

• Jill hasn't written to me for nearly a month.

• Jill has never driven a car.

UNIT 13 Present perfect ( exercises )

UNIT 13 Exercises

13.1   You are writing a letter to a friend and giving news about people you both know. Use the
words given to make sentences and put the verb into the correct form.

Example: Phil/find a new job Phil has found a new job.

Dear Chris,

Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.

1. Fred/go/Brazil       Fred___________________________________________________

2. Jack and Jill/decide/ to get married________________________________________________

3. Suzanne/have/a baby__________________________________________________

4. Liz /give up/smoking____________________________________________________

5. George/pass/his driving test____________________________________________________


13.3  Use just. Answer the questions using the words given.

Example: Would you like something to eat? (no thank you/ I/just l have/dinner) thank you. I've just had dinner.
1. Have you seen John anywhere? (yes I/just see him) Yes, _______________________________________

2. Has Ann called yet? (yes/she/just/call)__________________________________________

3. Would you like a cigarette? (no thanks/ I/just/put/one out)________________________________________



13.4  Write sentences with already.

Example: Don't forget to mail that letter.   I've already mailed it
1. Don't forget to call Eric.   I______________________________________

2. Why don't you read the paper?______________________________________

3. Shall I pay waiter?    No, I___________________________________________


13.5  Fill in been or gone.

Example: "Where's Amy  "She's on vacation. She has gone to Italy

1. Hello! I've just _________to the store. Look at all the things I've bought

2. Jim isn't here at the moment. He's __________ to the store.

3. "Are you going to the bank?"    "No, I've already___________to the bank

Present perfect ( I have done) Part 1

UNIT 13  Present perfect (I have done) part 1

A.   Study this example situation:

Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it.

He has lost his key
 
''He has lost his key" means that he lost it a short time ago and he still doesn't have it.

This is the present perfect (simple) tense:

I/we/they/you        have   (I've, We've, They've, You've)      }lost?
he/she/It                   has     (He's, She's, It's)                             }lost?

I  (etc.)           haven't    }lost                have  you (etc.)       lost?
he/she            hasn't      }lost                 has   he/she            lost?

we form the present perfect with have/has + the past participle. The past participle often ends in -ed (opened, decided), but many important verbs are irregular (lost, written, done, etc.).


B.   When we use the present perfect, there is a connection with the present:

• I've lost my key (= I don't have it now.)

• Jim has gone to Canada (=He is in Canada or on his way there now)

C.   We often use the present perfect to give new information or to announce a recent happening:

• I've lost my key. Can you help me look for it?

• Did you hear about Jim? He's gone to Canada.

 You can use the present perfect with just (= a short time ago):

• "Would you like something to eat?"         ''No, thanks. I've just had lunch''

• Hello, have you just arrived?

Use the present perfect with already to say something has happened sooner than expected.

• "Don't forget to mail the letter''      ''I've already mailed it.'' 

• ''When is Tom going to start his new job?''       ''He has already started.''

Note that you can also use the simple past (I did/I lost, etc.) in the above situations.

• I lost my key. Can you help me look for it?

• "Would you like something eat?''      "No thanks. I just had lunch''

• "Don't forget to mail the letter''                 "I already mailed it

 D.   Study the difference between gone to and been to:

• Beth is on vacation. She has gone to Italy. (= She is there now or she is on her way there.)

• Tom is back from his vacation. He has been to Italy. (= He was there, but now he has come back.)

Past continuous ( I was doing ) Exercises

UNIT 12 Exercises

12.1   Here is a list of some things that Ann did yesterday (and the times at which she did them):

1.  8:45-9:15  had breakfast                              4.  12:45-1:30 had lunch

2.  9:15-10:00 read the newspaper                  5.  2:30-3:30 washed some clothes

3.  10:00 12:00 cleaned her apartment           6.  4:00-6:00 watched TV

Now write sentences saying what she was doing at these times:

1. At 9:00 she was having breakfast.                4. At 1:00__________________________________

2. At 9:30 she________________________________        5. At 3:00__________________________________

3. At 11:00____________________________________       6. At 5:00__________________________________


12.2   A group of people were staying in a hotel. One evening the fire alarm went off. Use the words in parentheses to make sentences saying what each person was doing at the time.
Example: (Don/take/a bath) Don was taking a bath

1.  (Ann/write/a letter in her room)  Ann________________________________________________

2.  (George/get/to go out) George____________________________________________

3.  (Carol and Dennis/have/dinner) Carol and Dennis____________________________________________

4.  (Tom/make/a phone call) Tom_____________________________________________


12.3   Make sentences from the words in parentheses. Put the verbs into the correct form: simple past (I did) or past continuous (I was doing).

Example: (I/fall/asleep when I/watch/TV).  I fell asleep when I was watching TV

1.  (the phone /ring/while I/ take a shower)   The phone_______________________________________

2.  (it/begin/to rain while I/walk home)    __________________________________________________

3.  (we/see/an accident while we/wait/for the bus)_________________________________________________


12.4  Put the verb into the correct form: past continuous or simple past.

Example: While Tom was caaking. (cook) dinner, the phone_____________(ring)

1.  George_____________(fall) off the ladder while he________________(paint) the ceiling.

2.  Last night I____________(read) in bed when suddenly I______________(hear) a scream.

3.  __________________(you/watch) TV when I called you?

4.  Ann______________(wait) for me when I______________arrive

5.  I___________________(not/drive) very fast when the accident_________________(happen)

6.  I________________(break) a plate last night. I_________________(wash) the dishes when it (slip) out of my hand.

7.  Tom_________________(take) a picture of me while I_________________(not/look)

8.  We________________(not/go) out because it________________(rain)

9.  What_________________(you/do) at this time yesterday?

10.  I___________________(see) Carol at the party. She________________(wear) a new dress.